When British soldiers were deployed to Afganistahn as part of the various Herrick missions, they were each issued with a small phrase book with useful words and sentances for use on operations. These booklets were produced in the two main Afghan dialects, Dari and this example in Pasthtu:

The book is only short and mixes traditional phrases, translated into Pashtu and written out in sounds to allow them to be pronounced by someone who knows nothing of the language, and pictograms with the word beneath so a soldier can point at the picture as he speaks to help with understanding:

These cards have been provided in both Dari and Pashtu for Afghanistan and Serbo-Croat for service in the former Yugoslavia amongst others. They are sized to fit easily in a pocket, but are no substitute for an embedded local translator.